In the turbulent years after World War I, a new type of governing philosophy known as fascism emerged in a handful of countriesmost notably in Italy under Benito Mussolini and in Germany under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. Fascism denied that individuals had any rights the state was bound to respect. It demanded that citizens blindly obey their leader. It glorified violence. It promised to purify a degraded culture and restore the nation to greatness. Fascism led to some of the darkest episodes in human historyincluding the Holocaust and the Second World War. This book details the rise and fall of a discredited form of government. Each title in this series includes color photos throughout, and back matter including: an index and further reading lists for books and internet resources. Key Icons appear throughout the books in this series in an effort to encourage library readers to build knowledge, gain awareness, explore possibilities and expand their viewpoints through our content rich non-fiction books. Key Icons in this series are as follows: Words to Understand are shown at the front of each chapter with definitions. These words are set in boldfaced type in that chapter, so that readers are able to reference back to the definitions--building their vocabulary and enhancing their reading comprehension. Sidebars are highlighted graphics with content rich material within that allows readers to build knowledge and broaden their perspectives by weaving together additional information to provide realistic and holistic perspectives. Educational Videos are offered in chapters through the use of a QR code, that, when scanned, takes the student to an online video showing a moment in sports' history, a speech, or an instructional video. This gives the readers additional content to supplement the text. Text-Dep