Lawrence M. Friedman received his M.D. from the University of Pittsburgh. After training in internal medicine, he went to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health. During his many years there, Dr. Friedman was involved in numerous clinical trials and epidemiology studies, having major roles in their design, management and monitoring. While at the NIH and subsequently, he served as a consultant on clinical trials to various NIH institutes and to other governmental and nongovernmental organizations. Dr. Friedman has been a member of many data monitoring and other safety committees. Curt D. Furberg is Professor Emeritus of the Division of Public Health Sciences of the Wake Forest University School of Medicine. He received his M.D. and Ph.D. at the University of Umea, Sweden, and is a former chief, Clinical Trials Branch and Associate Director, Clinical Applications and Prevention Program, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Dr. Furberg established the Department of Public Health Sciences and served as its chair from 1986 to 1999. He has played major scientific and administrative roles in numerous multicenter clinical trials and has served in a consultative or advisory capacity on others. Dr. Furberg's research activities include the areas of clinical trials methodology and cardiovascular epidemiology. David L. DeMets, PhD is currently the Max Halperin Professor of Biostatistics and former Chair of the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics at the University of Wisconsin - Madison He has co-authored numerous papers on statistical methods and four texts on clinical trials, two specifically on data monitoring. He has served on many NIH and industry-sponsored data monitoring committees for clinical trials in diverse disciplines. He served on the Board of Directors of the American Statistical Association, as well as having been President of the Society for Clinical Trials and President of the Eastern North American Region (ENAR) of the Biometric Society. In addition he was Elected Fellow of the International Statistics Institute, the American Statistical Association, the Association for the Advancement of Science, the Society for Clinical Trials and the American Medical Informatics Association. In 2013, he was elected as a member of the Institute of Medicine. Christopher B. Granger is Professor of Medicine at Duke University, where he is an active clinical cardiologist and a clinical trialist at the Duke