The fourteen architects featured in this book designed 304 hotels and apartment hotels. Many were designed on the European plan for families to live without full service kitchens. Meals were prepared and served in restaurant-type dining rooms catering exclusively to residents and their families. The apartment hotels employed full-time service staffs who prepared and served daily room service meals. The first apartment hotels were built between 1880 and 1895. They were followed by a second wave of construction after the passage of the 1899 building code and the 1901 Tenement House Law. The third wave of apartment hotel construction occurred during the 1920s and ended with the Great Depression of the thirties. The passage of the Multiple Dwelling Act of 1929 altered height and bulk restrictions and permitted high-rise apartment buildings for the first time.